Uganda experiences a tropical climate, and January marks the beginning of the dry season, making it an ideal month for traveling. As a landlocked country located near the equator, Uganda experiences relatively consistent temperatures year-round, with only minor seasonal variations. The weather in Uganda in January is characterized by warm temperatures, lower humidity, and little rainfall, making it a perfect time to explore the country’s natural beauty, including its national parks, wildlife, and cultural heritage.
However, it is important to note that Uganda’s climate varies depending on the region. The country has a mix of savanna, forest, and mountainous terrain, which results in regional differences in temperature, rainfall, and general weather conditions. Understanding Uganda’s weather in January will help travelers plan accordingly and make the most of their time in the country.
Average Temperatures in January
Highest and Lowest Temperatures
In January, Uganda experiences warm temperatures across the country, with relatively mild weather, especially in comparison to the rainy season months. The temperatures tend to remain constant, as Uganda is near the equator.
- Kampala and Central Uganda: In Kampala, the capital city, January temperatures typically range from 21°C (70°F) in the early mornings to highs of around 27°C (81°F) during the day. Nights are cooler, with temperatures generally dropping to around 18°C (64°F). The climate in Kampala and the surrounding areas is warm and mild, with a mixture of sunshine and occasional short rain showers, especially later in the month.
- Western Uganda (Fort Portal, Queen Elizabeth National Park): The western region of Uganda, including areas like Fort Portal and the famous Queen Elizabeth National Park, experiences slightly cooler temperatures. Daytime highs range from 23°C (73°F) to 26°C (79°F), while nighttime lows can drop to around 17°C (63°F). Western Uganda is known for its mountains and higher elevation, which contribute to the cooler and more temperate conditions, making it a great destination for wildlife watching and trekking.
- Eastern Uganda (Mbale, Sipi Falls): The eastern region experiences warm to hot conditions, with daytime highs averaging between 27°C (81°F) and 30°C (86°F). Nights remain relatively cool, with temperatures dropping to around 18°C (64°F). The higher altitudes near Sipi Falls may provide slightly cooler weather, making it a pleasant region to explore in January.
- Northern Uganda (Gulu, Murchison Falls National Park): In the northern region, temperatures in January are generally warmer, with daytime highs often reaching 30°C (86°F) to 32°C (90°F). Nights are slightly cooler, with lows around 20°C (68°F). The weather in northern Uganda can be hot and dry, particularly in places like Gulu and the Murchison Falls National Park, but January is still considered part of the dry season, so the weather is relatively favorable for exploration.
Temperature Table for January (Past 10 Years)
Below is a table showing the average temperatures and precipitation levels in Uganda during January, based on data from several key regions, including Kampala, Fort Portal, Mbale, and Gulu.
| Year | Kampala (High/Low) °C | Fort Portal (High/Low) °C | Mbale (High/Low) °C | Gulu (High/Low) °C | Precipitation (mm) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2015 | 27/18 | 26/17 | 28/19 | 30/20 | 35 |
| 2016 | 28/19 | 27/18 | 29/20 | 31/21 | 40 |
| 2017 | 26/18 | 25/17 | 28/19 | 30/21 | 30 |
| 2018 | 27/19 | 26/18 | 29/20 | 31/21 | 50 |
| 2019 | 28/20 | 27/19 | 29/21 | 30/22 | 40 |
| 2020 | 27/19 | 26/18 | 28/20 | 30/21 | 45 |
| 2021 | 28/19 | 27/18 | 29/21 | 30/22 | 50 |
| 2022 | 28/19 | 27/18 | 29/20 | 30/21 | 40 |
| 2023 | 27/18 | 26/17 | 28/19 | 31/22 | 45 |
| 2024 | 28/19 | 27/18 | 29/21 | 30/22 | 50 |
Precipitation Levels in January
January is part of the dry season in Uganda, and the overall rainfall levels are relatively low, particularly in comparison to the wet season months of March, April, and October. While January is typically drier, there can still be sporadic rain showers, especially towards the end of the month.
- Kampala and Central Uganda: In Kampala and the surrounding regions, January generally sees low rainfall, with average precipitation levels ranging from 30 mm to 50 mm. The rain that does occur is often in the form of short, light showers, and the weather remains generally dry, with plenty of sunshine. Occasional rain can provide relief from the heat but typically doesn’t disrupt travel plans.
- Western Uganda (Fort Portal, Queen Elizabeth National Park): The western regions of Uganda, including Fort Portal and Queen Elizabeth National Park, also experience lower precipitation in January, with rainfall averaging between 30 mm and 45 mm. The weather is still mostly dry and sunny, with occasional light showers in the late afternoon or evening.
- Eastern Uganda (Mbale, Sipi Falls): In eastern Uganda, the precipitation levels in January are generally slightly higher than in the central and western regions. Precipitation in Mbale and Sipi Falls ranges from 35 mm to 50 mm, with short rain showers being common. However, the weather remains warm and favorable for outdoor activities.
- Northern Uganda (Gulu, Murchison Falls National Park): Northern Uganda tends to be hotter and drier in January, with precipitation levels ranging from 30 mm to 45 mm. Rain is less frequent in this region during this time of year, making it ideal for safaris and exploring the Murchison Falls National Park.
Snowfall in Uganda
Snowfall is extremely rare in Uganda due to its tropical climate and equatorial location. While there are high-altitude areas such as Mount Rwenzori (the “Mountains of the Moon”) and Mount Muhabura, which experience cooler temperatures, snow does not occur in January or any other time of year. These high-altitude regions are known for their cloud cover and cooler temperatures, but snowfall is not a feature of Uganda’s climate.
Wind Patterns in January
Wind patterns in Uganda are typically light to moderate in January, with winds coming primarily from the east and southeast. The winds help alleviate some of the heat, especially in areas near the equator. Coastal and inland areas alike experience light breezes, particularly during the afternoons, which can provide a refreshing change from the heat. There is no significant storm activity in January, and the wind remains relatively calm, making it an excellent time for outdoor exploration.
Atmospheric Pressure in January
The atmospheric pressure in Uganda during January tends to be stable, generally hovering around 1010 hPa to 1015 hPa. Low-pressure systems that bring rain are rare during this time, as the country is experiencing the dry season. In general, atmospheric pressure remains steady throughout the month, with little fluctuation.
What to Consider for Traveling to Uganda in January
Packing for the Weather
When traveling to Uganda in January, packing light, breathable clothing is important, as temperatures tend to be warm throughout the country. It is essential to bring lightweight clothing made of natural fabrics such as cotton or linen, which will help keep you cool and comfortable. For the evenings, a light jacket or sweater may be necessary, especially in the highland regions like Fort Portal and the Rwenzori Mountains.
For visits to national parks or wildlife safaris, comfortable, sturdy shoes are necessary, as many activities require walking or hiking. It is also advisable to bring a wide-brimmed hat, sunscreen, and sunglasses to protect yourself from the sun’s UV rays.
Insect Protection
Due to Uganda’s tropical climate, mosquitoes are common, especially during the warmer months. Travelers should pack insect repellent containing DEET to avoid mosquito bites, which can transmit diseases such as malaria. Sleeping under a mosquito net and wearing long sleeves and pants in the evenings are also recommended.
Health and Safety
Before traveling to Uganda, it’s important to ensure you are up to date with recommended vaccinations, including those for yellow fever, hepatitis A and B, typhoid, and malaria prevention. Carry a first aid kit with essential items such as pain relievers, bandages, and any personal medications. Malaria remains a concern in Uganda, so consult with a healthcare provider for prophylactic measures and travel advice before departure.
Transportation
Uganda has a relatively good transportation system, though some rural areas and national parks are more difficult to access. Public buses and taxis operate between major cities, but for greater comfort and flexibility, many travelers opt to rent a car or hire a local guide. When visiting national parks or remote areas, consider hiring a 4×4 vehicle to navigate uneven roads.
Currency and Payments
Uganda’s currency is the Ugandan Shilling (UGX), and cash is often the most convenient form of payment, especially in rural areas. ATMs are widely available in larger cities like Kampala, but be aware that smaller establishments may not accept credit cards. It’s advisable to carry enough cash, especially if planning to visit national parks or remote areas where ATMs may be scarce.
Things to Do in Uganda in January
Wildlife Safaris in Uganda’s National Parks
January is an ideal time for wildlife enthusiasts to visit Uganda, as the weather is dry and conducive for tracking wildlife in the country’s many national parks. The most popular park for safaris is Queen Elizabeth National Park, where you can see the famous “big five” (elephants, lions, buffalo, leopards, and rhinos), along with other species like hippos, giraffes, and zebras. Murchison Falls National Park is another great location for safaris, offering diverse wildlife and the chance to view the impressive Murchison Falls.
Gorilla Trekking in Bwindi Impenetrable Forest
One of Uganda’s most famous attractions is its mountain gorillas. January is an excellent time for gorilla trekking in Bwindi Impenetrable Forest, as the dry season provides the best conditions for hiking through the forest and spotting the gorillas in their natural habitat. The trek is physically demanding, but it offers an unforgettable wildlife experience.
Visit the Source of the Nile
In Jinja, you can visit the Source of the Nile, a key historical site where the Nile River begins its long journey northward to Egypt. The area offers boat trips, water sports, and beautiful views of Lake Victoria. January’s pleasant weather makes this an ideal time for outdoor activities along the river.
Hike Mount Rwenzori
For those who enjoy trekking, the Rwenzori Mountains offer challenging hikes with spectacular views. Known as the “Mountains of the Moon,” the Rwenzori range is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and offers some of the best trekking opportunities in East Africa. January’s dry season makes it a good time to explore these rugged mountains, which are home to glaciers, waterfalls, and unique flora and fauna.
Explore the Cultural Heritage
In addition to wildlife and nature, Uganda also has a rich cultural heritage. You can visit traditional villages, learn about Uganda’s diverse ethnic groups, and experience local music and dance. Kampala, Uganda’s capital, has several cultural sites, including the Uganda National Museum and the Kasubi Tombs, where the kings of Buganda are buried.
Relax at Lake Bunyonyi
If you’re looking for a more peaceful and scenic retreat, Lake Bunyonyi in southwestern Uganda is an excellent destination. Known as the “Lake of a Thousand Islands,” it’s perfect for boat rides, birdwatching, and hiking around its lush islands. It’s a serene place to unwind and enjoy the natural beauty of Uganda.